Introduction - The Basics
Chapter 1
Wizarding money is the currency used by the wizarding world, consisting of three different coins. In decreasing order, of value, they are: Galleon, Sickle, and Knut. They are gold, silver, and bronze. According to Rubeus Hagrid, there are 17 Sickles in every Galleon, and 29 Knuts in a Sickle, meaning that there are 493 Knuts to a Galleon. Around the edge of each coin is a series of numerals that represent a serial number belonging to the Goblin that cast the coin.
Money in itself is thought to be one of the five exceptions to Gamp's Law of Elemental Transfiguration, meaning that it cannot be created from nothing. Aside from the Philosopher's Stone which can convert other metals into gold there seems to be no other method of obtaining. Attempting to duplicate money with the Gemino spell is also ineffective, as duplicates created from Gemino are worthless.