Notes From A Ravenclaw (Year 2)
written by Anne Pickering
NOTE: I will be coming back to this and rewriting it for the current 2nd year! Year 2 is here! This is a compilation of my Year 2 notes for all classes. There will be no essay or quizzes here. Just notes based on the lessons. These notes are in no way a substitute for reading the lessons and/or text books for each class!
Last Updated
05/31/21
Chapters
19
Reads
3,413
Ancr 201 Week 2
Chapter 14
The Elder Furthark
The oldest of all Germanic runic scripts
used from the 2nd through the 8th centuries CE by Germanic tribes
After the 8th century it was modified into the Younger Futhark and Anglo-Saxon Futhork
Elder Futhark translated by Norwegian Muggle Sophus Gugge
Originated from the Old Italic Scripts, Etruscan or Raetic, with Roman influences
Runes were used to keep up with trade, travel and power
Schreiber-s corrections, by Sofia Schreiber, the runes as the Wizarding World knows them
The Viking tribes began to convert to Christianity in the 8th century, and by 1,000 CE, the priests were forced into hiding. At this point in time, their tomes of magic, life, warfare, and death were given to Rowena Ravenclaw and placed in the library at Hogwarts to be kept safe
The Elder Futhark is a phonetic script, with ᚠᚢᚦᚫᚱᚲ being the first six sounds of the script, which literally spell out “futhark”
Difficulties: no set direction for writing, double letters being represented with just one rune, lack of spaces between words, the combination of the last letter of one word with the first letter of the next, and more
Runes are also ideograms: there are meanings of a rune that is not phonetic, but an idea or concept.
Example: ᚦ, called Thurisaz (which makes the ‘th’ sound), is translated into Old Norse as Thor – and often the single rune ascribed to a particular word would be written in place of a full word to save time and space, thus making the rune represent not just a sound (th) but an idea (Thor)
The ideographic meanings are just as important as the phonetic aspect of the runes
Elder Futhark sheet is here https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7I3ZAVESBpWWktHQ21YajhoRlE/view
Runes all consist of straight lines that are joined together at angles, with the angles usually at roughly 45°-55° or 90°. This is because runes were usually carved into either wood or stone with a knife or chisel
Vocabulary
Futhark: The runic equivalent of the word “alphabet”, derived from the sounds of its first six letters.
Ideogram: A symbol that represents an idea or concept.
Ligature: A combination of several runes that looks like a single letter, constructed from parts of all the components.
Phonetic script: A writing system that is based on the sounds of speech/language, representing each sound with a specific symbol.
Reconstructions (linguistic): Words that have been reconstructed back to their probable original forms based on later versions of the language.
Runic script/Runes: Marks or letters of mysterious or magical significance. This year we will be focusing on those developed in the Northern Germanic cultures around the 2nd century CE
Schreiber’s corrections: The standardised magical meanings of the runes based on Sofia Schreiber’s work.
Variants: Symbols that are similar to the standard symbol for the rune that you might come in contact with while reading. While these symbols have the exact same meaning at the standard rune, small aesthetic or stylistic changes may be present.
The oldest of all Germanic runic scripts
used from the 2nd through the 8th centuries CE by Germanic tribes
After the 8th century it was modified into the Younger Futhark and Anglo-Saxon Futhork
Elder Futhark translated by Norwegian Muggle Sophus Gugge
Originated from the Old Italic Scripts, Etruscan or Raetic, with Roman influences
Runes were used to keep up with trade, travel and power
Schreiber-s corrections, by Sofia Schreiber, the runes as the Wizarding World knows them
The Viking tribes began to convert to Christianity in the 8th century, and by 1,000 CE, the priests were forced into hiding. At this point in time, their tomes of magic, life, warfare, and death were given to Rowena Ravenclaw and placed in the library at Hogwarts to be kept safe
The Elder Futhark is a phonetic script, with ᚠᚢᚦᚫᚱᚲ being the first six sounds of the script, which literally spell out “futhark”
Difficulties: no set direction for writing, double letters being represented with just one rune, lack of spaces between words, the combination of the last letter of one word with the first letter of the next, and more
Runes are also ideograms: there are meanings of a rune that is not phonetic, but an idea or concept.
Example: ᚦ, called Thurisaz (which makes the ‘th’ sound), is translated into Old Norse as Thor – and often the single rune ascribed to a particular word would be written in place of a full word to save time and space, thus making the rune represent not just a sound (th) but an idea (Thor)
The ideographic meanings are just as important as the phonetic aspect of the runes
Elder Futhark sheet is here https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7I3ZAVESBpWWktHQ21YajhoRlE/view
Runes all consist of straight lines that are joined together at angles, with the angles usually at roughly 45°-55° or 90°. This is because runes were usually carved into either wood or stone with a knife or chisel
Vocabulary
Futhark: The runic equivalent of the word “alphabet”, derived from the sounds of its first six letters.
Ideogram: A symbol that represents an idea or concept.
Ligature: A combination of several runes that looks like a single letter, constructed from parts of all the components.
Phonetic script: A writing system that is based on the sounds of speech/language, representing each sound with a specific symbol.
Reconstructions (linguistic): Words that have been reconstructed back to their probable original forms based on later versions of the language.
Runic script/Runes: Marks or letters of mysterious or magical significance. This year we will be focusing on those developed in the Northern Germanic cultures around the 2nd century CE
Schreiber’s corrections: The standardised magical meanings of the runes based on Sofia Schreiber’s work.
Variants: Symbols that are similar to the standard symbol for the rune that you might come in contact with while reading. While these symbols have the exact same meaning at the standard rune, small aesthetic or stylistic changes may be present.
